天美传媒

Abstract

Nosocomial infections, also known as hospital-acquired infections (HAIs), are a significant concern in healthcare settings, leading to increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. These infections are acquired during the course of medical care, often as a result of contaminated environments, medical devices, or human-to-human transmission. The prevention and control of nosocomial infections are critical to improving patient safety and healthcare outcomes. This comprehensive review explores the mechanisms behind nosocomial infections, common pathogens involved, and the key strategies employed for their prevention and management. Emphasis is placed on infection control practices, including hand hygiene, the proper use of personal protective equipment (PPE), environmental disinfection, antimicrobial stewardship, and surveillance programs. The review also discusses the role of healthcare workers, patients, and policy-makers in mitigating the risks of nosocomial infections. Challenges in infection control, emerging resistant strains, and future trends in prevention and control are also explored, offering a holistic approach to tackling this persistent problem.